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Distributed control system is a new generation of instrument control system based on microprocessors, adopting the design principles of decentralized control functions, centralized display operations, balancing division and autonomy, and comprehensive coordination. Distributed control system, abbreviated as DCS, can also be directly translated as “distributed control system” or “distributed computer control system”.
It adopts the basic design concept of decentralized control, centralized operation and management, and adopts a multi-level hierarchical, cooperative and autonomous structural form. Its main feature is its centralized management and decentralized control. DCS has been widely used in various industries such as power, metallurgy, and petrochemicals.
DCS usually adopts a hierarchical structure, with each level consisting of several subsystems, each subsystem achieving specific finite goals, forming a pyramid structure.
Reliability is the life of the development of DCS, and there are three main measures to ensure the high reliability of DCS: firstly, widely apply high reliability hardware equipment and production processes
Secondly, redundancy technology is widely adopted; The third is to widely implement system fault-tolerant technology, fault self-diagnosis, and automatic processing technology in software design. The MTBF of most distributed control systems today can reach tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of hours.
There have been many new developments in the field of DCS correlation, mainly manifested in the following aspects.
(1) The system functions are developing towards an open direction. The structure of traditional DCS is closed, making it difficult to be compatible between DCS from different manufacturers. An open DCS system can give users greater autonomy in system integration. Users can choose different manufacturers’ equipment and software resources to connect to the control system according to their actual needs, achieving the best system integration.
